耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的院内分布及耐药分(1)
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【摘要】 目的 研究我院耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的临床分布状况及耐药特点。方法 MRSA检测采用头孢西丁纸片法，药敏试验采用KB纸片扩散法，临床分布调查采用病历资料回顾性统计。结果 我院MRSA检出率为52.25%，临床分布占比最高的科室为呼吸内科25.93%，标本来源为呼吸道分泌物45.68%，患者年龄以60岁以上老年人为主56.79%。对抗生素的耐药率分别为：青霉素100%、头孢唑啉100%、头孢呋辛90.12%、头孢噻肟76.54%、四环素98.77%、红霉素97.53%、克林霉素90.12%、对替考拉宁、万古霉素均无耐药。结论 MRSA的耐药率显著高于甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)，且呈现多重耐药性，对重症MRSA感染可选用替考拉宁、万古霉素治疗。
【关键词】
金黄色葡萄球菌;耐甲氧西林;分布;耐药分析
Methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus nosocomial distribution and drug resistance
LIU Jichun, ZHANG Yanjv, HAO Yingzi. Hebi Coal Group General Hospital， Hebi 458000,China
【Abstract】 Objective
To study hospital methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clinical distribution and characteristics of drug resistance. Methods MRSA were detected by cefoxitin disk diffusion method, antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by Kirbybauer method, Clinical distribution surveyed by medical records retrospectively.Results The detection rate of MRSA in our hospital 52.25%, the highest proportion of the clinical distribution was respiratory medicine department25.93%.The highest proportion of specimens from the respiratory secretions 45.68%.The highest proportion of patients aged 60 years or older accounted for 56.79%. Resistance to antibiotics were: penicillin 100%, Cefazolin 100%, Cefuroxime 90.12%, Cefotaxime 76.54%, Tetracycline 98.77%, 97.53% to Erythromycin, Clindamycin 90.12%,Teicoplanin vancomycin resistance were not. Conclusion The resistance rate of MRSA was significantly higher than methicillinsensitive staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), and showed multiple drug resistance,Teicoplanin, Vancomycin can be used for treatment of severe MRSA infections.
【Key words】
Staphylococcus aureus; Methicillinresistant; Distribution; Analysisdrug resistance
从1961年首次报道以来，到20世纪80年代，MRSA被证实在全世界医院广泛存在，而今MRSA已成为医院感染的重要的致病菌。几乎所有MRSA都具有多重耐药性，是临床抗感染治疗中非常棘手的问题[1]。为了解本院MRSA的感染分布状况及耐药特点，指导临床合理用药，预防和控制MRSA引起的院内感染，我们对本院临床2010年1月至2011年3月分离的MRSA进行了相关的研究和分析，报告如下。
1 资料与方法
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