【摘要】食管结核发病比较罕见，临床报道较少，对该病的临床症状、辅助检查以及鉴别诊断方面的认识不足，一般难以明确诊断，极易误诊为食管平滑肌瘤和食管癌。该文报告1例患者术前诊断为食管平滑肌瘤，行胸腔镜辅助下食管良性肿物切除术，术中探查发现和术后病理检查证实为食管结核，同时术后给予抗结核治疗后，患者症状完全缓解。该例提示，加强对食管结核诊断及鉴别诊断的认识，对于提高诊断水平、减少误诊以及改善患者预后起着重要的作用。

    【关键词】食管结核；食管平滑肌瘤；超声内镜下细针穿刺活检术；胸腔镜

    【Abstract】The incidence of esophageal tuberculosis is relatively low， which has been rarely reported. Clinical symptoms， auxiliary examination and differential diagnosis of esophageal tuberculosis have been poorly understood. It is highly likely to be misdiagnosed as esophageal leiomyoma and esophageal carcinoma. In this paper ......